Regional Policies

Some countries set their own goals towards climate change. These policy goals include phase-out of conventional power plants, restrictions on nuclear technology installation, CO2-taxes and carbon neutrality. Therefore, additional constraints are modelled in TIAM to include the policies of specific regions as well.

Nuclear Policy

All the countries have defined policies on maximum nuclear power plant installations for the future. In the case of Germany, nuclear phase-out plan is already put in action since 2023 [2] and hence, the current and future capacity of nuclear plants are zero. Accordingly, In TIAM, constraints are defined for maximum nuclear capacity for every region.

Table 2: Maximum nuclear technology capacity (GW) constraint for every region until 2100 in TIAM model.

Region	2030	2050	2080	2100
AFR	17	37	75	99
AUS	5	9	21	28
CAN	27	41	69	96
CHI	168	331	667	789
CSA	11	54	122	161
EEU	82	104	143	162
FSU	68	101	132	161
GER	0	0	0	0
IND	48	97	168	274
JPN	16	24	91	148
MEA	6	27	57	75
MEX	5	9	19	27
ODA	19	30	59	77
SKO	34	39	69	89
USA	142	155	220	274
WEU	62	32	35	42

Coal Policy

Based on the regional policies, minimum electricity consumption from coal power plants is also defined for every region. Therefore, for all regions, the region-specific policy restrictions on coal electricity consumption are entered as shown in Table 3.

Table 3: Minimum electricity production from coal power plants (PJ) until 2030 in TIAM model.

Region	2020	2030
AFR	1018	1102
AUS	539	479
CAN	0.08	0.02
CHI	14050	15517
CSA	272	269
EEU	717	339
FSU	996	957
GER	-	-
IND	3864	5364
JPN	1182	1078
MEA	382	521
MEX	78	17
ODA	2262	3521
SKO	804	733
USA	4897	4345
WEU	904	427

Climate neutrality goal

Some regions set their own goals for achieving climate neutrality. An example is explained for the TIAM region-Germany. The German Climate Action Plan for 2050 describes the CO2 reduction targets for 2030, 2040 and 2045 for all demand sectors along with a goal of achieving carbon neutrality in industry, transport and building sectors by 2045 [1]. These emission reduction targets are modelled in TIAM with the appropriate TIMES attributes and linearly interpolated between the years. Table 1 below shows the constraint placed on the emissions from different sectors for Germany.

Table 1: CO2 emissions per sector in Germany modelled in TIAM.

Sector	Emissions (kt)
	2030	2040	2045	2100
Industry	143231	102348	0	0
Transport	98158	60780	0	0
Building	72116	44655	0	0
Upstream	183308	113504	4543.4	0
Agriculture	61099	50655	40089	0

References

[1] „Climate Action Plan 2050: Principles and goals of the German government’s climate policy,“ Federal ministry for the environment, nature conservation, building and nuclear safety, 2016.

[2] „Germany brings era of nuclear power to an end,“ 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.bmuv.de/en/pressrelease/germany-brings-era-of-nuclear-power-to-an-end.

[3] „Coal phase-out under KVBG Act,“ Oktober 2021. [Online]. Available: https://www.smard.de/page/en/topic-article/5892/206022.